Changes in the levels of any lipid profile make the individuals more prone to get the chance of atherosclerotic complications. Fiftyeight patients with era who met the american college of rheumatology acr criteria were included in the study. Aip reflect the true relationship between protective and atherogenic lipoprotein and is associated with the size of pre and anti atherogenic lipoprotein particle 23. Atherogenic index of plasma is a novel and better biomarker. Indexation transforms the journal in some sense from its local ownership to the worldwide professional community and to the public. Aip abbreviation stands for atherogenic index of plasma.
The easiest way is the guideline for total cholesterol in blood plasma. We evaluated the effects of peanut consumption on lipid profiles, atherogenic index of plasma aip and chd risk in hypercholesterolaemic men. Pdf aipatherogenic index of plasma as a significant predictor of. Share tips and tricks regarding cut cutting, material handling, metal finishing, marketing, or anything helpful. We hypotheses that aip is a strong predictive indicator of cad in postmenopausal women. The atherogenic index of the plasma is calculated through the formula of logtghdlc where your triglycerides levels are divided by your good cholesterol. Reliance foundation hospital and research centre, raja ram mohan roy road. Atherogenic index of plasma aip is a novel indicator involved in dyslipidemia. Plasma atherogenic index is an independent indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in systemic. Pdf castelli risk index, atherogenic index of plasma. The most important problem in the study was that they miscalculated their patients aip values. Change in atherogenic index of plasma aip and total. It has been shown that atherogenic index of plasma a ip is a strong marker to predict the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease 12,1722. We aimed to investigate the atherogenic index and other lipid parameters in individuals with familial mediterranean fever fmf, as a predictor of atherosclerosis.
Hence the present study is taken up to evaluate the lipid ratios, atherogenic coefficient, atherogenic index of plasma in assessing the cv risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The atherogenic index of plasma aip is a critical index that can be used as a standalone index for cardiac risk estimation. The plasma parameter log tghdlc as an atherogenic index. The atherogenic index of plasma plays an important role in. Atherogenic index of plasma aip is a novel biomarker related to cardiovascular disease cvd. Interestingly, aip is associated more strongly with elevated creactive protein levels 12. Ageadjusted rr of participants by quartiles q of atherogenic index log of the ratio between the molar values of fasting tgs and hdlcholesterol in the. Atherogenic index as a predictor of atherosclerosis in. Atherogenic index of plasma aip has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular diseases.
The use of atherogenic index of plasma in assessing the. What is the atherogenic index and why it is so important to your health. A 12month followup atherogenic index of plasma an atherogenic index of plasma and tchdlc are considered predictors of cardiovascular risk. Triglycerides and hdlcholesterol in aip reflect the balance between the atherogenic and protective lipoproteins. Atherogenic index of plasma in bipolar disorder 33. Atherogenic risk, lipid profile, atherogenic index of plasma introduction coronary artery disease cad is one of the major health problems which are responsible for the increasing mortality and morbidity in the indian subcontinent as well as in ethnic indian communities all over the world 1. The aip was calculated as log tghdlc using the czech online calculator of atherogenic risk. Lipid profile and atherogenic index of plasmaaip in. It is defined as logarithm log of the ratio of plasma concentration of tg to hdlc and. Dobiasova and frohlich have referred to this log 10 tghdlc as the atherogenic index of plasma aip that allows the demonstration of a correlation with smaller lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ldlc particles and increased fractional esterification rate for cholesterol in plasma, 14. It is characterized by high ratio of lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ldlc to highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol hdlc and increased level of triglycerides tgs. This study examines the relationships of tghdlc ratio to mortality from all causes, coronary heart disease chd, or cardiovascular disease cvd. Aside from the ordinary plasma lipid level measurements, the ratios based on individual plasma lipid levels such as atherogenic index of plasma aip, castellis risk index 12 cri12, and. The atherogenic index of plasma which is a mathematical relationship between tg and hdlc has been successfully used as an additional index when assessing cardiovascular cv risk factors 15, 16.
This crosssectional study was done among 349 staff of a public university in sarawak. Research done in the past has pointed out the usefulness of atherogenic index of plasma aip as a useful parameter for the diagnosis of type 2 dm. As part of the gisea registry protocol approved by the local ethical committee trial. Lipids and atherogenic indices fluctuation in rheumatoid. Atherogenic indices were calculated by using the values of lipid parameters. As atherogenic index of plasma aip is a strong marker to predict the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, we assessed the correlation between aip and other important factors. Monitoring included laboratory screening liver and renal function, glucose, electrolytes, thyroid stimulating hormone, identification of plasma atherogenityapolipoprotein b, apolipoprotein a1, ratio apo bapo a1 by immunoturbidimetric method roche, germany and atherogenic index of plasma aip using the formula log triglycerides tg. This study was designed to investigate risk factors related to atherogenic index of plasma aip, as well as the relationship between aip and chronic microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes t2dm. Atherogenic index of plasma aip was found to be one of the. Understanding the relationship between atherogenic index of.
Jul 25, 2015 it has been shown that atherogenic index of plasma aip is a strong marker to predict the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease 12,1722. Atherogenic index of plasma is related to arterial stiffness. We investigated lipid profiles and lipoprotein modification after immunointervention in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis era. New predictor of atherosclerosis in subjects with copd. Publications home of jama and the specialty journals of the. The plasma derived atherogenic index aip is associated with an increasing risk for cardiovascular diseases. But the fact that the rate of cholesterol does not prove that its owner healthy blood vessels. Further elevated lipid profile markers have been linked to a host of diseases like cardiovascular, liver and kidney. Aip reflect the true relationship between protective and atherogenic lipoprotein and is associated with the size of preand anti atherogenic lipoprotein particle23. Whether an increased aip may predict the complexity of percutaneous coronary intervention pci of chronic total occlusion cto, according to available research, has never been investigated before. It has been shown that atherogenic index of plasma a ip is a strong marker to predict the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease12,1722. Atherosclerosis risk assessment in patients with chronic. Aip reflect the true relationship between protective and atherogenic lipoprotein and is associated with the size of pre and anti atherogenic lipoprotein particle.
Creactive protein, triglyceride, atherogenic index of plasma, cardiogenic risk ratio, and atherogenic coefficient values were significantly higher in subjects with stable copd than in control subjects p atherogenic index of plasma a ip is a strong marker to predict the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease 12,1722. Atherogenic index of plasma log10 triglyceridehigh. Cardiorespiratory fitness crf and physical activity pa have an inverse relationship with the aip, while sedentary time st and fatness present a positive association. Comparative study for atherogenic index of plasmaaip. The cholesterol ratio, known as castelli index or atherogenic index is the number obtained by dividing your total cholesterol level by your hdl level. Pdf aipatherogenic index of plasma as a significant.
Cholesterol esterification and atherogenic index of plasma. Numerous inflammatory and innate immune pathways are involved in atherogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between aip and parameters of glucose metabolism. These relationships were independent of gender, age, and body mass index. Implications in assessment of cardiovascular disease risk. The bmi was calculated as the weight kg divided by the height in m.
It has been shown that atherogenic index of plasma aip is a strong marker to predict the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease 12,1722. This was a crosssectional study conducted among 108 postmenopausal. Download fulltext download fulltext download fulltext. Lipid ratios, atherogenic coefficient and atherogenic. Bhagavath, prashantha 2012 lipid profile and atherogenic index of plasma aip in diabetic non smokers and smokers in coastal karnataka. Knowing your atherogenic index can help you understand how healthy or at risk of atherosclerosis arteriosclerosis you are. This study aimed to investigate abnormalities in conventional lipid profile, lipid ratios, and aip in sh and attempted to correlate thyroid stimulating hormone tsh and aip in sh. Atherogenic index of plasma aip iraq academic scientific journals. To determine the association of atherogenic index of plasma aip, the logarithm of molar ratio of triglyceridemia to highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol tghdlcholesterol with cardiometabolic disorders was investigated in a sample of the turkish population. Hsp27and atherogenic index of the plasma heralding cardiovascular complications in indian diabetic subjects prashant s. Atherogenic index of plasma aip risk of atherosclerosis. If you have a total cholesterol value of 220 mgdl and an hdl of 65 mgdl, your ratio is 3. However, the relation between aip and cad in postmenopausal women remains unclear. Calculator of atherogenic risk institutes as cr at krc.
A total of 160 patients was treated with simvastatin s. Fatty acids profile, atherogenic ia and thrombogenic it. Jcdr atherogenic risk, lipid profile, atherogenic index of. Triglyceridetohighdensitylipoproteincholesterol ratio. Atherogenic index of plasma as a cardiovascular risk. Atherogenic index of plasma aip is a logarithmically transformed ratio of molar. Emerging risk predictors of cardiovascular disease in hivtreated patients.
These are the calculated fractions which can be used in the clinical. Hsp27and atherogenic index of the plasma heralding. Atkins diet program rapidly decreases atherogenic index of. This study included 2523 patients with t2dm who had not been treated with lipidlowering drugs and were admitted to the department of endocrinology at. The plasma atherogenic index pai, related to the size of hdl cholesterol particles and lowdensity lipoprotein ldl and the esterification of cholesterol, also reflects the risk of coronary artery atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk, and improves the overall evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors 9.
Cvd risk aip calculator on line, may be helpful in. Creactive protein, triglyceride, atherogenic index of plasma, cardiogenic risk ratio, and atherogenic coefficient values were significantly higher in subjects with stable copd than in control subjects p index copernicus, chemical abstracts service, journal seek database, indian science abstracts, to name few of them. The plasma was a liquated and used for lipid profile analysis. Cv risk calculators were utilized to assess the 10year cv risk for the copd group.
However, the utility of the aip for prediction is unknown after pci among type 2 diabetes mellitus t2dm. They were asked to consume peanut supplements about 77 g with their habitual diet for 4 weeks. Atherogenic index in type 2 diabetes and its relationship. Gov nct01543594, all patients had signed a written informed consent before starting the treatment, and this observational study was conforming to the ethical guidelines of the 1975. Uslu au, kucuk a, icli a, cure e, sakiz d, arslan s, et al. Atherogenic definition of atherogenic by merriamwebster. Background high triglyceride tg and low highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol hdlc impart risk for heart disease.
Atherogenic definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Castellis risk index cri, atherogenic index of plasma aip and atherogenic coefficient ac are becoming useful indices as risk. Dyslipidemia is one of the most important factors for coronary artery disease cad. Atherogenic index of plasma aip was found to be one of the strongest markers in predicting the cardiovascular disease cvd risk. The atherogenic index of plasma aip, the logarithm of molar ratio of triglyceridemia tg to highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol hdlc has been established as one marker to predict plasma atherogenicity and coronary artery disease cad 8, 9. Aip has been shown to be associated with impaired glucose metabolism. Fractional esterification rate of cholesterol and ratio of triglycerides to hdlcholesterol are. The paucity of data regarding the relationship between atherogenic index of plasma aip and risk of cardiovascular disease cvd in postmenopausal women living in subsaharan africa prompted us to conduct this study which aimed at assessing the interplay between aip and risk of cvd among cameroonian postmenopausal women. The duration of illness for the manic, depressive, and euthymic patients was 11. Ldlc was subsequently calculated when the tg level was equal or below 4 mmoll using the friedewald formula and assayed trough standard. Atherogenic definition of atherogenic by the free dictionary. Atherogenic definition is relating to or causing atherogenesis. Influence of atorvastatin on plasma atherogenic biomarkers.
This crosssectional study was a part of national noncommunicable risk factors surveil lance system data that has been established since 2004. Aip correlates with the size of pro and antiatherogenic lipoprotein particles. Hba1c is well established as gold standard to monitor long term diabetic control. Atherogenic index of plasma aip in individuals with type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and the combined dyslipidemia, cardiovascular risk is increased by a clustering of risk factors such as abdominal obesity, impaired fasting glucose, increased blood pressure, low hdlcholesterol hdlc, increased triglycerides tgs, and an increase in. Atherogenic index of plasma and risk of cardiovascular. In clinical practice, however, these markers are not measured, and we propose that, in addition to the wellestablished conventional risk factors, the tchdlc ratio may represent an important cumulative index of the presence of an atherogenic dyslipidemic profile associated with insulin resistance. Jul 01, 2004 to evaluate changes in the lipoprotein profile induced by their therapy, tan et al. Atherogenic index of plasma and atherogenic coefficient are. Many studies have reported the predictive value of the atherogenic index of plasma aip in the progression of atherosclerosis and the prognosis of percutaneous coronary intervention pci. Pdf castelli risk index, atherogenic index of plasma, and.
Oct 16, 2017 few studies has investigated the interrelationship between atherogenic index of plasma aip and coronary heart disease chd especially in asians. Atherogenic inde x of plasma as useful pr edictor of cardiovascular risk among postmenopausal women in enugu, nigeria nwagha ui1, ikekpeazu ej2, ejezie fe2, neboh ee3, maduka ic3 1 physiologyobstetrics and gynaecology department, college of medicine,university of nigeria. This study was to determine the aip and its relationship with other cvd risk factors. Atherogenic lipoprotein profile of plasma is an important risk factor for coronary artery disease cad. Naturally, the lower the ratio, the better news for your heart health, because that would mean that your hdl, your good cholesterol, which protects against heart disease by carrying the ldl. The atherogenic index of plasma aip is a critical index that can be used as a standalone index for cardiac risk estimation 8. Subjects and methods survival analysis was done in 39,447 men grouped by tghdlc ratio cut point of 3. Obese patients with atherogenic index of plasma aip over 0. Comment on the relationship between erectile dysfunction. Tyagi3 1 department of biochemistry, lady hardinge medical college. Fiftytwo subjects met the inclusion criteria and were assigned to three experimental groups.
Atherogenic lipid profile is a feature characteristic of. Small ldl particles, total ldl particles, and cvd risk besides the traditional blood lipid measurements of ldlc, hdlc, and triglycerides, there now exist a number of alternative measures that assess lipoprotein. Atherogenic index of plasma and 10year risk of cardiovascular. We examined the association between rate of cholesterol esterification in plasma depleted of apolipoprotein bcontaining lipoproteins fer hdl, atherogenic index of plasma aip log tghdlc, concentrations, and size of lipoproteins and changes in coronary artery stenosis in participants in the hdlatherosclerosis treatment study. Understanding the relationship between atherogenic index of plasma and cardiovascular disease risk factors among staff of an university in malaysia.
This study aimed to determine the combined and independent association of crf, pa, and st with the aip, and additionally to. Gender distribution was similar in both the groups. Nov 30, 2016 atherogenic index of plasma aip is a relatively new index and a predictor of cardiovascular risk. The atherogenic index of plasma aip, which is the logarithmic transformation of the plasma triglyceride tg level to the highdensity lipoprotein level hdl ratio, has been suggested to be a novel marker in the identification of atherosclerosis risk. Ankylosing spondylitis as is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease acd.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution. Relations between atherogenic index of plasmaglucose. Association between atherogenic index of plasma and. Two parameters reflect lipiddriven inflammatory state in. A high atherogenic index of plasma aip is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and higher serum uric acid levels, but whether aip is a strong risk factor for developing subclinical. A propensity score matching casecontrol study including.
These patients had disease durations of less than one year and had not had prior treatment for it. Atherogenic index of plasma aip is a relatively new index and a predictor of cardiovascular risk. Changes in the aip of pioglitazonetreated patients were evaluated by a statistical model of singleslope analysis of covariance, and. A probable decrease in the atherogenic index was detected in young. Predominance in plasma of small dense ldl and small hdl particles is associated with an increased. Understanding the relationship between atherogenic index. The atherogenic index of plasma is becoming an increasingly useful formula for predicting your cardiovascular disease risk. Atherogenic inde x of plasma as useful pr edictor of. Atherogenic index was calculated by using the following formula. Atherogenic index of plasma, and atherogenic coefficient. To find out whether the atherogenic index of plasma, was superior to the conventional daily used.
Atherogenic index of plasma aip, castelli risk index cri and atherogenic coefficient ac are the three ratios we studied in predicting the risk of cad. Aug 22, 2018 dyslipidemia is one of the most important factors for coronary artery disease cad. Atherogenic index of plasma for the assessment of cardiovascular. Dietary and genetic probes of atherogenic dyslipidemia. Comment on the relationship between atherogenic index of. Atherogenic indices atherogenic index of plasma, cardiogenic risk ratio, and atherogenic coefficient were calculated. What is the abbreviation for atherogenic index of plasma. Peanut consumption and cardiovascular risk public health.
1320 377 1061 1108 1637 1142 1385 924 1515 1327 590 1174 448 1059 1492 1530 91 329 256 411 1280 47 1249 433 226 274 187 340 1216